On, a rollover accident of a tetrachloroethane tank car in Tonglu, Zhejiang Province, caused the serious pollution of the Fuchun River, which led to the shutdown of Fuyang City, Zhejiang Province, located downstream. If sensitive areas in the natural environment are polluted by hazardous chemicals, the ecosystem may be seriously damaged and be difficult to repair in a short time, resulting in a dramatic loss of natural resources. Hazardous materials can not only cause considerable casualties and property losses, but also cause serious damage to the natural environment and ecological systems. The safety management of the road transportation of hazardous materials has attracted extensive attention from society. Hazardous materials transportation accidents. The scenes of the above accidents are shown in Figure 1.
Additionally, on 22 November 2016, the leakage accident of dangerous compound transportation in Jiangmen resulted in the evacuation of several blocks. On 1 March and 19 July 2014, the Jinji high-speed methanol transportation tunnel explosion accident and Shanghai Kunming high-speed ethanol transportation fire accident, which caused more than 30 deaths, occurred. Notably, on 26 August 2012, the Baomao high-speed methanol transportation explosion accident occurred. From 2008, there have been many road transportation safety accidents involving extremely hazardous materials around the country. In recent years, hazardous material transportation accidents in China have occasionally occurred. Although the rate of transportation accidents involving hazardous materials on roads is relatively low, this issue has attracted attention from all sectors of society, due to the large transportation volume, numerous risk factors, and complicated and variable transportation environments. Many flammables, explosive, poisonous, and corrosive hazardous materials are transported along road networks, thus representing potential “time bombs” that threaten the lives and property of people that live near the transportation route.
Approximately, 95% of hazardous materials are moved via long-distance transportation, and approximately 80% are transported via roads. According to statistics, the hazardous materials that need to be transported throughout the world each year amount to more than 4 billion tons, and the amount of hazardous materials in China alone exceeds 400 million tons per year. These materials require special protection during transportation, handling, and storage, because they can cause personal injury, property damage, and environmental pollution. Hazardous materials are substances with explosive, flammable, poisonous, corrosive, and other characteristics. The research results provide a reference for relevant departments to scientifically manage the transport of hazardous materials. The platform can display the optimal transport program with data windows, text, and maps. Finally, the optimal transportation network of hazardous materials was obtained by the transportation network optimization algorithm in TransCAD. By identifying the effective transportation routes considering the transportation risk, sensitive target population, and transportation time of each road section, the entropy method can be used to fuse and obtain the comprehensive impedance value of each road section.
LAYOUT IN TRANSCAD SOFTWARE
The logistics module in TransCAD software is used to construct this platform. This paper designs an optimization platform for multidestination, multiterminal, and multivehicle networks that transport hazardous materials. Hence, transportation is an important part of the life cycle of hazardous materials. Because of the specific characteristics of hazardous materials, if an accident occurs in the transportation process, it often causes mass casualties, serious property and socioeconomic damage, and damage to the ecological environment. Road transportation has become the main mode of transportation for hazardous materials. With economic development, the volume of hazardous materials is increasing, and the potential risks to human beings and the natural environment are expanding.
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